16 KINDS OF TENSES
16 KINDS OF TENSES
1. Simple
Present Tense
This
tenses are used to denote something that is fixed, habitual or an essential
truth. Because it is often related to the incident at about past, present and
future, this at least has the Tenses description for a certain time.
Formula :
a.
Verbal
(+)
Subject
+ Verb 1 + Object
(-)Subject + DON'T
/ DOESN'T + Verb 1 + Object
(?)DO / DOES + Subject + Verb 1 +
Object?
Example
:
(+)
My brother plays a badminton
(-)
My brother doesn’t play a badminton
(?)
Does my brother play a badminton?
b.
Non Verbal
(+)
Subject
+ To be (am, is, are) + Non Verb + Object
(-)
Subject
+ To be 1 + NOT + Non Verb + Object
(?)
To
be + Subject + Non Verb + Object?
Example
:
(+)
I am a policewoman
(-)
I am not a policewoman
(?)
Am I a policewoman?
2.
Present Continuous Tense
This
tenses are used to express an action which is actually being done at this time.
Formula
:
(+)subject + to be
(am, is, are) + Verb – ing + object
(-)subject + to be
+ not + verb – ing + object
(?)to be + subject
+ verb – ing + object?
Example
:
(+)
He is teaching in the class
(-)
He is not teaching in the class
(?)
Is he teaching in the class?
3.
Present Perfect Tense
This
tenses are used to express your experience. This sentence can used to say that
you have never had a certain experience. Present Perfect Tense didn’t use to
describe specific event.
Formula
:
a.
Verbal
(+)Subject +
has/have + Verb III + object
(-)Subject +has /
have + not + verb III + object
(?)Have / has +
Subject + verb III + object
Example :
(+)
She has ate my breakfast
(-)
She has not ate my breakfast
(?)
Has she ate my breakfast?
b.
Non
Verbal
(+)Subject +
has/have + been + object
(-)Subject + has /
have + not + been + object
(?)Have / has +
subject + been + object
Example
:
(+)
I have been at home since afternoon
(-)
I have not been at home since afternoon
(?)
Have I been at home since afternoon?
4.
Present Perfect Continuous Tense
Present
Perfect Continuous Tense is used to show that something started in the past and
has continued up until now. ”for two hours’, ‘for two weeks’, ‘since yesterday’
are all durations which can be used with this sentence. Without the durations,
the tense has a more general meaning of “lately.” We often use the words
“lately” or “recently” to emphasize this meaning.
Formula
:
(+)Subject +
has/have + been + V-ing
(-)Subject + has /
have + not + been + V-ing
(?)Have / has +
subject + been + V-ing
Example :
(+)
She has been playing volleyball
(-)
She has not been playing volleyball
(?)
Has she been playing volleyball ?
5.
Simple Past Tense
We
used this tense to talk about the past.
Formula
:
a.
Verbal
(+)Subject + Verb
II + Object
(-)Subject + did
not + Verb I + Object
(?)Did + Subject +
Verb I + Object + Adv ?
Example :
(+)
I studied last night
(-)
I did not study last night
(?)
Did you study last night?
b.
Non Verbal
(+)Subject + was/were
+ complement
(-)Subject + to be
(was/were) + not + complement
(?)Was,were + S + O
+ Adv?
Example :
(+)
I wish you were here
(-)
He was not here anymore
(?)
Were you a head office last year?
6.
Past Continuous Tense
This
tense is used to say when we were in the middle of doing at a particular moment
in the past.
Formula
:
(+)Subject + to be
(was/were) + verb-ing + object
(-)Subject +
was/were + not + verb-ing + object
(?)was/were +
subject + verb-ing + object ?
Example :
(+)
He was dancing when I came
(-)
He was not dancing when I came
(?)
Was he dancing when I came?
7.
Past Perfect Tense
The
Past Perfect expresses the idea that something occurred before another action
in the past. It can also show that something happened before a specific time in
the past.
Formula
:
a.
Verbal
(+)Subject + had +
verb III + (past participle) + object
(-)Subject + had +
not + verb III + object
(?)Had + subject +
verb III + object?
Example :
(+)
He had took a photo when I saw him
(-)
He had not took a photo when I saw him
(?)
Had he took a photo when I saw him?
b.
Non Verbal
(+)S + Had + Been +
O + Adv
(-)S + Had + Not +
Been+ O + Adv
(?)Had + S + Been +
O + Adv?
Example :
(+)
She had been at PIM since afternoon
(-)
She had not been at PIM since afternoon
(?)
Had she been at PIM since afternoon?
8.
Past Perfect Continous Tense
We
use the Past Perfect Continuous to show that something started in the past and
continued up until another time in the past. “For five minutes” and “for two
weeks” are both durations which can be used with the Past Perfect Continuous.
Notice that this is related to the Present Perfect Continuous however, the
duration does not continue until now, it stops before something else in the
past.
Formula
:
(+)Subject + had +
been + verb-ing + object
(-)Subject + had +
not + been + verb-ing + object
(?)Had + subject +
been + object ?
Example :
(+)
The lecturer had been teaching for two hour before he left the class
(-)
The lecturer had not been teaching for two hour before he left the class
(?)
Had the lecturer been teaching for to hour before he left the class?
9.
Simple Future Tense
often
called will. because, the modal auxiliary verb in this sentence is will.
Formula
:
a.
Verbal
(+)Subject +
am/is/are + going to + verb I + object
(-)Subject +
am/is/are + not + going to + verb I + object
(?)Am/is/are +
subject + going to + verb I + object
Example :
(+)
She is going to meet my husband tomorrow
(-)
She is not going to meet my husband tomorrow
(?)
Is she going to meet my husband tomorrow?
b.
Non Verbal
(+)Subject +
will/shall + verb I + object
(-)Subject +
will/shall + not + verb I + object
(?)Will/shall +
subject + verb I + object
Example :
(+)
She will study for mid test
(-)
She will not study for mid test
(?)
Will she study for mid test?
10.
Future Continuous Tense
Future
Continuous has two different forms: “will be doing ” and “be going to be
doing”. Future Continuous forms are usually interchangeable.
Formula
:
(+)Subject +
will/shall + be + verb-ing + object
(-)Subject +
will/shall + not + be + verb-ing + object
(?)Will/shall +
subject + be + verb-ing + object
Example :
(+)
He will be studying after his friends arrive
(-)
He won’t be studying after his friends arrive
(?)
Will he be studying after his friends arrive?
11.
Future Perfect Tense
This
sentence is used when we talk about the past in the future.
Formula
:
a.
Verbal
(+)Subject +
shall/will + have + verb III + object
(-)Subject +
shall/will + not + have + verb III + object
(?)Shall/will +
subject + have + verb III + object?
Example :
(+)
I will have eaten at 6 p.m
(-)
I will not have eaten at 6 p.m
(?)
Will you have eaten at 6 p.m?
b.
Non Verbal
(+)Subject +
shall/will + have + been + complement
(-)Subject +
shall/will + not + have + been + complement
(?)Shall/will +
subject + have + been + complement
Example :
(+)
I will have been a dancer by the three years
(-)
I will not have been a dancer by the three years
(?)
Will you have been a dancer by the three years?
12.
Future Perfect Continuous Tense
We
use the future perfect continuous tense to talk about a long action before some
point in the future.
Formula
:
(+)Subject +
shall/will + have + been + verb-ing + object
(-)Subject +
shall/will + not + have + been + verb-ing + object
(?)Shall/will +
subject + have + been + verb-ing + object?
Example :
(+)
Lisa will have been staying in Jakarta by tomorrow
(-)
Lisa will not have been staying in Jakarta by tomorrow
(?)
Will Lisa have been staying in Jakarta for tomorrow?
13.
Past Future Tense
this
tense is used to express the events that WILL be done, BUT in the past, not the
present.
Formula
:
a.
Verbal
(+)Subject +
should/would + verb I + object
(-)Subject +
should/would + not + verb + object
(?)Should/would +
subject + verb I + object?
Example :
(+)
She would love you
(-)
She would not love you
(?)
Would she love you?
b.
Non Verbal
(+)Subject +
should/would + be + object
(-)Subject +
should/would + not + be + object
(?)Should/would +
subject + be + object?
Example :
(+)
He would be a driver
(-)
He would be a driver
(?)
Would he be a driver?
14.
Past Future Continuous Tense
Past
Future Continuous tells an action would be in progress in the past.
Formula
:
(+)Subject +
should/would + be + verb-ing + object
(-)Subject +
should/would + not + be + verb-ing + object
(?)Should/would +
subject + be + verb-ing + object?
Example :
(+)
I would be dancing at school last Saturday
(-)
I would not be dancing last Saturday
(?)
Would you be dancing last Saturday?
15.
Past Future Perfect Tense
This
tense is restates the action stated in Future Perfect Tense but with
different time dimension, it is in past time whilst the Future Perfect is in
future time (not happen yet).
Formula
:
a.
Verbal
(+)Subject +
should/would + have + verb III + object
(-)Subject +
should/would + not + have + verb III + object
(?)Should/would +
subject + have + verb III + object?
Example :
(+)
I should have seen my boyfriend at the stage if I had come earlier
(-)
I should not have seen my boyfriend at the stage if I had come aerlier
(?)
Should I have seen my boyfriend at the stage if I had come earlier?
b.
Non Verbal
(+)Subject +
should/would + have + been + complement
(-)Subject +
should/would + not + have + been + complement
(?)Should/would +
subject + have + been + complement ?
Example :
(+)
She would have been a pretty girl
(-)
She would not have been a pretty girl
(?)
Would she have been a pretty girl?
16.
Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense
Past
Future Perfect Continuous Tense emphasizes on the course and the duration of
the action. Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense is used to tell an action
which would have been happening until a certain time (period) in the past.
Formula
:
(+)Subject +
should/would + have + been + verb-ing + object
(-)Subject +
should/would + not + have + been + verb-ing + object
(?)Should/would +
subject + have + been + verb-ing + object?
Example :
(+)
I heard that you should have been moving here for five years by this July
(-)
I heard that you should not have been moving here for five years by this July
(?)
Should you have been moving here for five years by this July?
Referensi
:
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